允许浏览器和服务器之间进行 双向通信

 server端：

class WebSocketHandler(WebBaseHandler):    ''' websocket '''    users = {} # {u'liubei': 
        
         ,               #  u'rock': 
         
          }    # ------------------提高部分 开始------------------ 　　 # 提高部分只是细分发送信息的对象，不是很重要。完成提高部分结束后的 open，on_message, on_close即可。     @classmethod    def send_system_message(cls, self, content, send_type):        """        :param self: 继承过websocket的base类的实例化对象，主要是self初始化了操作redis，mysql以及user对象的属性        :param content: 储存进redis的list data        :param send_type: 发送的类型（发给boss，ceo，员工...），由前端传过来        :return: 系统消息，发送给每个人        """        target = 'system'        redis_msg = cls.dict_to_json(self, content, send_type, target)        self.conn.rpush('message:%s' % send_type, redis_msg)        for f, v in WebSocketHandler.users.items():            v.write_message(redis_msg)    @classmethod    def dict_to_json(cls, self, content, send_type, target):        """        :param self:  继承过websocket的base类的实例化对象，主要是self初始化了操作redis，mysql以及user对象的属性        :param content: 储存进redis的list data        :param send_type: 发送的类型（发给boss，ceo，员工...），由前端传过来        :param target: 相当与用来区分缓存key的名字，比如 key_name="cache_list:%s"%target1, ...取对应分类的历史数据        :return:         """        msg = {            "content": content,            "send_type": send_type,            "sender": self.current_user.name,            "target": target,            "datetime": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")        }        return tornado.escape.json_encode(msg)    @classmethod    def send_role_message(cls, self, content, send_type, roleid):        """        :param self:        :param content:         :param send_type:         :param roleid: 通过角色id，反查出属于该角色id的用户        :return: 发送信息给 该角色的所用用户        """        role = Role.by_id(roleid)        redis_msg = cls.dict_to_json(self, content, send_type, role.name)        self.conn.rpush('message:%s' % send_type, redis_msg)        role_users = role.users  # [zhangsan, lishi , wangwu]  [zhangsan, lishi]        for user in role_users:            if WebSocketHandler.users.get(user.name, None) is not None: # user.name ['rock':self]                WebSocketHandler.users[user.name].write_message(redis_msg)            else:                # self.conn.lpush("ws:role_off_line",message)                pass    @classmethod    def send_user_message(cls, self, content, send_type, user):        """        :param self:         :param content:         :param send_type:         :param user: 发送的对象        :return: 发送信息给改用户 user        """        redis_msg = cls.dict_to_json(self, content, send_type, user)        self.conn.rpush('message:%s' % send_type, redis_msg)        self.conn.rpush('message:%s' % user, redis_msg) # 为了显示未读消息条数        if cls.users.get(user, None) is not None:            cls.users[user].write_message(redis_msg)        else:            # self.conn.lpush("ws:user_off_line",message)            pass    # ------------------提高部分 结束------------------    def open(self):        '''        有用户进来后，存储该用户 {usernaem: self} self是每个登录用户的实例化类        （用该实例化对象发送是那个消息）        '''        WebSocketHandler.users[self.current_user.name] = self        pass    def on_message(self, message):  # 改方法获取消息，前端通过 ws对象.send(msg)发送        # print message # {"content_html":"聊天框输入的内容"} json        # {"content_html":"afaf
          "}        msg = tornado.escape.json_decode(message) # 解码 json字符串 --> 字符串        msg.update({            "name": self.current_user.name,            "datetime": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S")        })        message = tornado.escape.json_encode(msg) # 转成json        self.conn.rpush('message:list', message)  # 存储消息为了显示历史消息        # self.write_message(msg) # 就算不转成json，write_message也能自己编码        # WebSocketHandler.users['liubei'].write_message(message) # 这是将不管谁的message只发给用户liubei        for f, v in WebSocketHandler.users.items():            v.write_message(message)    def on_close(self):        pass
         
        

前端：和后端一样，都需要完成open,on_message,on_close三个方法

 

 

 

参考中文文档：